Black holes admitting a Freudenthal dual

The quantised charges x of four dimensional stringy black holes may be assigned to elements of an integral Freudenthal triple system whose automorphism group is the corresponding U-duality and whose U-invariant quartic norm ∆(x) determines the lowest order entropy. Here we introduce a Freudenthal duality x→ x̃, for which ̃̃ x = −x. Although distinct from U-duality it nevertheless leaves ∆(x) invariant. However, the requirement that x̃ be integer restricts us to the subset of black holes for which ∆(x) is necessarily a perfect square. The issue of higher-order corrections remains open as some, but not all, of the discrete U-duality invariants are Freudenthal invariant. Similarly, the quantised charges A of five dimensional black holes and strings may be assigned to elements of an integral Jordan algebra, whose cubic norm N(A) determines the lowest order entropy. We introduce an analogous Jordan dual A, with N(A) necessarily a perfect cube, for which A = A and which leaves N(A) invariant. The two dualities are related by a 4D/5D lift. ∗[email protected] †[email protected] ‡[email protected] §[email protected] 1 ar X iv :0 90 3. 55 17 v2 [ he pth ] 3 A pr 2 00 9